Electric Furnace Carbonization Precautions

In actual operation, it is often found that some furnace masters put the recarburizer directly on the bottom of the electric furnace to smelt, which is a very wrong and very dangerous operation error. The melting point of carbon is 3500°C, and the recarburizer is dissolved rather than melted in the electric furnace. Put the recarburizer directly at the bottom of the electric furnace, because there is no absorption and decomposition of molten iron, the recarburizer will not melt. The continuous high temperature will only increase the temperature of the recarburizer. If there is no molten iron to float the recarburizer at this time, the crucible at the bottom of the electric furnace will be damaged by high temperature, cracks, and elephant feet will appear. The order of adding the recarburizer is also very important, which is the key link affecting the absorption rate and the quality of the casting.

When the amount of scrap steel is large and the amount of recarburizer added is large, the recarburizer should be added in batches. For example, 25 kg of recarburizer should be added at least twice during the production of one ton of electric furnace. Attention should also be paid to the addition time. It should not be added too early. The first batch of recarburizer should be added to the 20% molten iron in the electric furnace. The second recarburizer is added after the first batch is basically melted. But not later than 50% of the molten iron in the furnace. If it is too late, the recarburizer cannot be fully absorbed within the molten iron testing time, which will result in inaccurate carbon content data. The bigger effect is that the optimum dissolution temperature of recarburizer in molten iron is more than 1300℃. The carbon absorption rate of the recarburizer is very low in the later stage of smelting, especially in the high temperature period of the electric furnace. Therefore, in casting production, the principle of carburization of cast iron with scrap steel is: try to increase the amount of carbon increase on the basis of calculating the amount of recarburizer. This allows us to control the carbon composition. Because in the electric furnace smelting process, it is difficult to increase carbon and easy to reduce carbon. During the smelting process, when we first tested and found that the carbon was higher than the set target, adding scrap steel to the furnace quickly reduced the carbon. However, it is very difficult for us to increase the carbon content in a short period of time.

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